By Madeline Folsom on SwimSwam
Earlier this week, a federal court indefinitely stayed a decision in the lawsuit brought by three former Penn swimmers regarding the participation of transgender athlete Lia Thomas during the 2021-2022 season.
The suit was originally filed in February 2025 by three former Penn swimmers, 2022 graduate Grace Estabrook, 2024 graduate Margot Kaczorowski, and 2024 graduate Ellen Holmquist.
The suit alleged that Penn, Harvard, the Ivy League, and the NCAA had violated Title IX by allowing Thomas to compete at the Ivy League Championships. The athletes are seeking relief for “damages for pain and suffering, mental and emotional distress, suffering and anxiety, expenses costs and other damages against the NCAA, Ivy League, Harvard, and UPENN due to their wrongful conduct.”
The 2022 Women’s Ivy League Championships were held at Harvard’s Blodgett Pool.
They alleged that they and other competitors were deprived of “equal opportunities as women to compete and win while being denied the opportunity to protect their privacy in separate and equal locker rooms.”
The lawsuit states that Holmquist was left off the Ivy League roster due to Thomas’ participation, and Kaczorowski would have placed higher if Thomas hadn’t participated.
Holmquist, a breaststroke and IMer, wrapped up her 2022 season at the ECAC Open Championships. She was a member of the 2023 and 2024 Ivy League teams for Penn.
Kaczorowski swam the 50 free, 100 free, and 200 free. She finished 6th in the 100 free and 7th in the 200 free. Thomas won both events.
The suit included Harvard because it was the host of the 2022 Ivy League Championships, and the plaintiffs allege that Harvard violated Title IX by allowing Thomas to compete and not providing a “unisex bathroom or separate bathroom for Thomas to use or for any other women to use who did not want to use the women’s locker room while Thomas was using it.”
In July of 2025, a judge dismissed the Ivy League and Harvard from the case, and the case was initially stayed pending the ruling in the Riley Gaines v. NCAA lawsuit, which involved similar allegations.
Last month, a federal judge dismissed Gaines’ suit because the NCAA is “not covered by Title IX.” Following that decision, Penn argued in favor of maintaining the stay until the appeals process is exhausted in the Gaines case.
On Wednesday, a federal court granted Penn’s request to indefinitely stay the suit.
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