In a direct confrontation with the Trump administration, San Diego County has filed a lawsuit in U.S. District Court aimed at forcing local health inspections of the Otay Mesa Detention Center.
The legal action follows what the county describes as a systematic campaign by Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) to block their oversight of the facility, which is operated by the private contractor CoreCivic.
By filing this suit, San Diego County argues that the federal government’s lack of transparency has made it impossible to verify the extent to which the conditions at Otay Mesa are contributing to rising deaths at federal detention centers, necessitating immediate and unimpeded local oversight to protect human life.
The litigation, which names former Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem and Acting ICE Director Todd Lyons as primary defendants, seeks a permanent injunction to prevent federal authorities from obstructing future state inspections. County officials have remained steadfast in their resolve, saying they will persist until the operators at Otay Mesa cooperate and allow full transparency.
The conflict reached a breaking point following an incident on Feb. 20. According to legal filings, County Health Officer Sayone Thihalolipavan had secured prior authorization to conduct an inspection under the California Health and Safety Code. However, upon the inspection team’s arrival—and despite them holding all necessary security clearances—federal officials and CoreCivic, the county alleges, abruptly revoked their consent and denied entry to the premises.
The county pressed for another inspection, on Friday, but the federal government failed to respond to a mid-week deadline, so officials announced their intent to sue.
The push for judicial intervention has been championed by two members of the county Board of Supervisors who were personally present during the February standoff.
Board Chair Terra Lawson-Remer, who has long maintained that the county holds a non-negotiable legal duty to investigate reports of hazardous conditions, framed the suit as a matter of fundamental safety rather than partisan friction, stating that the move is rooted in public health necessity.
Chair Pro Tem Paloma Aguirre, whose district includes the facility, reported that the county team faced a particularly hostile environment during the blockade. She also alleged that CoreCivic staff threatened to call the Sheriff’s office to forcibly remove the supervisors from the site.
Aguirre remains undeterred by recent shifts within the federal cabinet, noting that Noem leaving the DHS changes nothing regarding the current government’s “policy of lack of transparency.” She further emphasized the county’s mandate, asserting that “as representatives of the community, we have the right to oversee this center and any other facility within the county.”
When asked whether she believed the lawsuit would ultimately succeed, Aguirre expressed a firm faith in the judicial process. “We believe in the laws of this country,” she stated. “If we didn’t, we would be falling into authoritarianism.”
The lawsuit serves as a formal echo of the grievances reported by the families of those held within the facility. These accounts paint a grim picture of life inside the Otay Mesa center, Families have detailed a pervasive environment of “torture and negligence,” according to the lawsuit, citing severe overcrowding, a lack of basic hygiene and the frequent serving of spoiled or insufficient food.
In the worst cases, they also suffer report systemic medical negligence where chronic illnesses go untreated and access to specialists is virtually non-existent.
In addition, detainees are reportedly subjected to extreme temperatures, often left exposed to freezing conditions without adequate clothing or blankets.
The county’s legal escalation comes at a time when the federal detention system appears to be increasingly compromised. Federal records revealed an alarming spike in mortality rates in 2025 with a record 32 deaths in ICE custody nationwide. The trajectory for the current year is worse; between January and March, 10 deaths have already been officially recorded.
The fatalities include cases of suicide as well as preventable medical complications, such as untreated dental infections that escalated into septic shock.
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