I've mostly been really happy with my M1 MacBook Air (2020), which I've been using for nearly three years now. However, I regret not going for the variant with 16GB of RAM. The base M1 MacBook Air with 8GB RAM is a lot faster, cooler, and lasts longer than the Intel MacBook Air I used before it, but the newer laptop still occasionally slows down when I open too many browser tabs. Luckily, I did some troubleshooting and fixed the problem, and I'm here to share what I've learned with you. So, if Chrome, Firefox, Edge, Safari or other browsers are slowing down on your computer, try some of these tips to nip that problem in the bud.
This is the hardest part of a browser slowdown, because quite often, there's no definitive answer to what the root problem is. It could be because you have an old and slow computer, or because you have too many open tabs that you never close, or because an extension is interfering with something, or a combination of multiple factors. To narrow down the list of possible issues, I recommend the golden rule of troubleshooting: deal with one thing at a time.
This means that you should start by quitting all other apps, running just one browser with one tab, and then seeing if the slowdown is still present. If your browser works fine when you have one or two tabs open, and slows down once you open multiple tabs, that could point to an issue with the browser. If the browser works fine on its own, but slows down when you have other apps running, then the issue could be with a different app, or it could be a hardware limitation.
If, after some troubleshooting, your browser really is the issue, then here's what you can do to fix it.
Use your browser's task manager
Credit: Pranay ParabVideo streaming or web apps can lead to browser slowdowns, but the easiest way to confirm this is by using your browser's built-in task manager. Yes, your browser usually has a separate task manager, which lets you see which of its tabs are causing problems. In Firefox, accessing it as as simple as pressing Shift-Esc. Alternatively, you can click the three lines button in the top-right corner and go to More tools > Task Manager. You can even type about:processes in the address bar to do the same thing.
In Chrome (and derivatives such as Edge and Brave), you'll need to press the three dots button in the top-right corner, then go to More Tools > Task Manager. Unfortunately, Safari doesn't have a built-in task manager, but you can open the Activity Monitor app on your Mac and type Safari in the search bar to view the process linked to each open tab and determine which one is causing a slowdown.
Opening the browser's task manager is one thing, but it's also important to know what to look for once you have it open. Your browser's task manager shows you each tab's CPU and RAM usage, and you can use that information to determine the problem. If a tab's taking up too much of either, close the tab to see if it makes a difference. Usually, this does the trick.
That brings me to my next bit of advice: please, just close those tabs you opened five years ago. You're never going to get to them and you're not losing anything by closing them. This applies to me as much as it does to anyone else, so I'll be the first to admit my sins. I had a Persona 5 game guide open three years ago, when I played the game for 120-odd hours for the second time. I stopped playing the game before I reached the true ending (for a second time), but I still had the game guide tab open until a couple months ago. It wasn't doing anything or consuming too many resources, but when my browser slowed down, I had to let it go. I've accepted that I'll probably never finish the game, or read any of the various articles I have open in my other older tabs, or watch any of those videos I meant to get to. Closing all those inactive tabs helped speed up my browsers significantly.
If you're still not ready to let go of your tabs, then you can also easily save all open tabs in Chrome, Firefox, and Safari.
Delete unused extensions
Credit: Pranay ParabI love using browser extensions to add useful features to my internet experience, but the extra steps they ask of your browser can sometimes cause slowdowns. This is especially true for extensions you no longer use, and deleting unused and potentially cumbersome extensions is good for performance (and your privacy, because extensions often require access to all your open pages). To quickly delete an old extension, open the about:addons page in Firefox, chrome://extensions page in Chrome and its derivatives, or click the Safari button in the menu bar and navigate to Settings > Extensions.
I've also found some value in disabling extension only on specific webpages. As someone who suffers from migraines, I rely on Dark Reader to force every website to open in dark mode. Bright backgrounds trigger my headaches, which often end up ruining entire days, so I need to be careful with screen brightness and how webpages appear. However, Dark Reader was slowing down some tabs, and I found that disabling it for those specific webpages helped fix the problem.
Sometimes, the solution to a slowdown is as simple a quick restart, which will give faulty processes a chance to correct themselves. You can try quitting the browser, restarting your computer, and launching the browser again to see if your issue is fixed. This is quite easy to do, but it's easy to forget the simplest and most obvious solutions, so I thought it was worth mentioning this here as well.
Update your browser
Credit: Pranay ParabThe problem isn't always your computer, open tabs, or extensions. Sometimes, it may be a bug in the browser's code, which could cause a memory leak or use too much of your CPU's resources to run the app. There's nothing you can do to fix this, except ensure that your browser is updated to its newest version. Most browsers are usually quite good at updating themselves, but if you notice you're on an older version, you can update manually, too.
I'll start with my go-to browsers. To update Firefox in Windows, click the three lines button in the top-right corner and select Help > About Firefox. On Mac, hit the Firefox button in the menu bar and select About Firefox. You can update Chrome (or its derivatives) by selecting the three dots button, then clicking Help > About Chrome.
To update Safari on your Mac, you need to update macOS itself. Click the Apple logo in the top-left corner of the screen and go to System Settings > General > Software Update.
Ads and trackers are increasing on almost every website, which tends to increase page loading times and can lead to browser slowdowns, too. You can counter this by using an adblocker such as uBlock Origin on Firefox and Chrome, and one of many good adblockers for Safari. You could also consider using a VPN with adblocking built-in or a good DNS service such as NextDNS. Any of these alternatives should reduce how often sites phone home, and how many trackers and other resource-heavy elements are loaded on webpages, which has a direct effect on your browser's performance (and security).
Clear cookies and data
Credit: Pranay ParabYou could also see a performance improvement by clearing cookies and browser data. Be aware that doing so will require you to log in to your commonly visited websites the next time you visit them, and could also clear your browser's history. If you're okay with that, then you can try this as another option to speed up your browser.
In Firefox, click the three lines button in the top-right corner and go to Settings > Privacy & Security. In the Cookies & Data section, select Clear Data… and confirm when asked. Next, go to the History section and click Clear History….
In Chrome, click the three-dots button in the top-right corner and go to Settings > Privacy and security > Delete browsing data. Go to the Advanced tab, check all the options you want to clear, and select Delete data.
In Safari on your Mac, go to the Safari menu from the menu bar and select Clear History… to remove browsing history. Then, go to Safari menu > Settings > Privacy > Manage Website Data…. Here, You can either select and remove individual websites' data, or select all and remove everything.
Ambient temperatures are rising across the world. Particularly in the summer, you could be using your computer in a hot room and experiencing slowdowns as a result. Modern computers have a thermal cutoff built-in, and if a device gets too hot, it will slow down at first, before shutting down entirely in order to protect your machine. This isn't going to slow down just your browser, though. Everything you do on your computer will run slower than usual if it's too hot where you are. You can try using a laptop cooler, an air conditioner, or other methods to cool down your computer. You'll see an immediate performance improvement once the computer is running at a lower temperature.
Consider upgrading your computer
Finally, if none of these solutions are working in the long run, then the problem may just be with the hardware you're using. Even cheap upgrades like replacing a hard drive with an SSD or adding more RAM could help, but in a lot of cases, you might want to get a brand new computer. I don't enjoy telling anyone to spend more money to solve problems, but sometimes that really is the only option.
Buying my M1 MacBook Air was a solid decision in 2022, and at the time, even though my friends and family members chipped in to help, I couldn't afford the 16GB RAM variant. The next time I buy a computer, I'll ensure that it has a little more RAM than I need, so that browser slowdowns and other performance issues don't surface, at least for the first few years of the computer's life.
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