The shiny new image from the European Space Agency (ESA) spacecraft will help astronomers confirm newfound exoplanets and use changes in starlight to measure those planets' masses as they orbit their parent stars, according to ESA scientists.
"Designed to observe billions of faraway galaxies, the space telescope's visible-light camera is sensitive enough to tell apart individual stars in our super-crowded galactic bulge, without being blinded," agency officials wrote.
One way the Roman telescope will search for new worlds is through microlensing, the same technique that can be used to examine exoplanets in the new Euclid image. Microlensing happens when one star passes in front of another from the perspective of an observer. The gravity of the closer-up star briefly bends and magnifies the light of the star behind it, allowing possibly unseen planets to pop up near that star.
An image of the Milky Way as seen from Earth, showing two zooms of Euclid's target area. (Image credit: ESA/Euclid/Euclid Consortium/NASA, CFHT, ESA/Gaia/DPAC,image processing by J.-C. Cuillandre and E. Bertin (CEA Paris-Saclay))"This image from Euclid includes 51 known planetary systems — and it will assist in studying many more that will be found," added Beaulieu, who holds positions at the Paris Institute of Astrophysics and the University of Tasmania in Australia.
An infographic showing how Euclid sees across the Milky Way, into the galaxy's central bulge. The bottom panels illustrate the diversity of structures in Euclid's field of view. (Image credit: ESA/Euclid/Euclid Consortium/NASA, CFHT, image processing by J.-C. Cuillandre and E. Bertin (CEA Paris-Saclay); Milky Way artist impressions: ESA/Gaia/DPAC, Stefan Payne-Wardenaar))A cosmic time capsule
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"Anyone who detects a microlensing event in the same region, for example with Roman, will be able from now on to use Euclid data as a time reference in the past and see how the stars looked before they overlapped," she added. "Since Euclid can clearly separate individual stars, one can then measure how fast they move over time, and use that information to confirm the existence of a planet and determine its mass. This would not be possible with data from one point in time."
How well do you know our home galaxy? Find out with our Milky Way quiz!
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