1856 Classic Novel Was Just Crowned the ‘Greatest Debut Book Ever Written’ ...Saudi Arabia

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1856 Classic Novel Was Just Crowned the ‘Greatest Debut Book Ever Written’

For a debut novel to be considered a masterpiece is nothing short of a miracle. However, there are a handful of novels that prove authors can perfect their craft with their first published work. For instance, the publication Collider recently released a ranking of “The 10 Greatest Debut Books Ever Written.”

The ranking, published on October 13, featured books like 2000’s White Teeth by Zadie Smith, The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, published in 1951, and To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, which came out in 1960. According to the publication, the “greatest debut book ever written” is 1856’s Madame Bovary by French novelist Gustave Flaubert because of its undeniable influence on literature.

    Madame Bovary, which focuses on the character of Emma Bovary, holds a score of 3.71 out of 5 from 391,613 readers on Goodreads.

    A Harvard Professor Discussed Why ‘Madame Bovary’ Is So Significant

    James Wood, Professor of the Practice of Literary Criticism at Harvard, stated that Madame Bovary is a significant literary realism novel in a September 2026 video for London Review of Books. He said that while “the techniques [and] the poetics of realism” weren’t “established by Gustave Flaubert, they’re refined in such a way that he might be thought of as the founder of this grammar of realism.”

    “And that might include such things as the use of significant or so-called telling detail, but also the use of significantly insignificant detail. That’s to say, a great deal of abundance and surplus to build up the sense of a world,” said the literary critic.

    He also said that “grammar of realism might involve, say, life-like dialogue,” which replaced “the long poetic soliloquies that the novel inherited from poetry and from drama.” According to Wood, “free indirect style,” or “colloquially known by many readers and writers as close third person,” is also seen in realist literature, like Madame Bovary.

    “That moment when a third person narrative begins to bend away from the author and towards the perspective of the character involved in the narration,” explained the professor. “Again, Flaubert is absolutely not the founder of free indirect style. I’m sure it’s as ancient as third-person narrative itself. It’s endemic to third-person narrative, but he refines it in interesting and profound ways.”

    Wood also clarified that Flaubert did invent realism’s “impersonal narrator” in his debut book.

    “He wanted to remove the intrusive, essayistic, chatty, authorial presence of 18th-century fiction. And replace it with an author that he described as being like God everywhere present but not invisible,” continued Wood.

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