New US dietary guidelines are vague on alcohol. What do they mean? ...Middle East

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New US dietary guidelines are vague on alcohol. What do they mean?

New U.S. Dietary Guidelines released today by the Trump administration urge Americans to favor “real food” over products that are highly processed and laden with sugar, salt and artificial additives.

The update follows a yearlong push by Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to advance his “Make America Healthy Again” agenda, an effort aimed at reshaping the nation’s food system.

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    The long-overdue 2025-2030 guidelines set clear limits on saturated fat – less than 10% of total daily calories – and added sugars, which are capped at 10 grams per meal. Recommendations regarding alcohol consumption, however, are notably less specific.

    While previous editions recommended no more than two drinks per day for men and one for women, the updated guidelines advise Americans to “consume less alcohol for better overall health,” without defining a limit.

    Those who are pregnant, recovering from alcohol-use disorder or taking medications affected by alcohol should abstain from drinking altogether, the guidelines recommend. They also advise people with a family history of alcoholism to be mindful of their alcohol consumption and associated addictive behaviors.

    Whether the latest update provides sufficient guidance for Americans deciding how much alcohol to drink remains an unanswered question.

    Conflicting reports, guidance

    In recent years, alcohol’s health effects have become a hot-button topic for researchers, regulators and the alcohol industry, with conflicting findings and guidance confounding the public.

    Last January, Surgeon General Vivek Murthy issued an advisory citing a “direct link between alcohol consumption and increased cancer risk,” calling for warning labels on alcoholic beverages explicitly stating that risk.

    Weeks later, the Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Prevention of Underage Drinking released a report estimating that men and women who consume more than seven drinks per week face a 1-in-1,000 risk of dying from alcohol use.

    In contrast, a subsequent review by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine reached a different conclusion, finding moderate drinkers had a 16% lower risk of all-cause mortality than people who abstained entirely.

    This report followed the 2023 declaration by the World Health Organization that “no level of alcohol consumption is safe.”

    Dr. Laura Catena, a winemaker and managing director of Catena Zapata winery in Argentina, has emerged as a vocal critic of some of the research and media coverage regarding alcohol and health. A graduate of Stanford Medical School, she practiced emergency medicine in the Bay Area for 26 years.

    “The public has a right to be accurately informed about the strength of the data,” she said. “I would advise Americans who like to drink wine to make health decisions based on conversations with their doctor.”

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