US President Donald Trump signed the US defense budget on Friday, 19 December, which includes the repeal of the “Caesar” sanctions law on Syria, after both the House of Representatives and the Senate voted to approve the budget.
According to Reuters, Trump signed the bill away from media attention and without a ceremony in the Oval Office or the presence of journalists, unlike the usual practice for legislation of this magnitude.
Marah Bukai, editor in chief of the White House Arabic Platform, said on X that President Trump has lifted the sanctions and that “the ball is now in Syria’s court.”
The defense budget law represents a compromise text that bundled together a set of measures previously passed separately in the House and Senate, before receiving final approval this month.
US Representative Joe Wilson said on his X account that he was grateful President Trump had signed the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), which officially repeals the Caesar sanctions law on Syria.
The US Senate voted on 17 December in favor of the final version of the 2026 Defense Department budget bill, which includes lifting the sanctions imposed on Syria under the Caesar Act, and referred it to President Donald Trump to sign, so it would then enter into force.
The road to repealing “Caesar.”
The US House of Representatives voted late on Thursday, 10 December, by a majority in favor of the defense budget bill, which included a clause repealing the Caesar sanctions law imposed on Syria.
Congress’s vote on the final text of the repeal annex allows it to become law, under which US sanctions on Syria would be lifted fully and permanently before Christmas.
The US Departments of the Treasury and Commerce had previously announced a partial extension of the suspension of the Caesar Act sanctions for 180 days.
A joint statement by the two departments, issued on 10 November, said the decision replaces the earlier waiver issued on 23 May.
The statement noted that the new suspension halts the implementation of most sanctions imposed under the law, except those involving financial or commercial transactions with Russia and Iran.
The statement came after the visit of Syria’s transitional president, Ahmad al-Sharaa, to the White House, the first visit of a Syrian president to the United States.
What is the Caesar Act?
The “Caesar Act” is a bill passed by the US House of Representatives on 15 November 2016, and signed into law by US President Donald Trump on 21 December 2019, during his first term.
The law stipulates sanctions against anyone who provides support to the former Syrian regime, and obliges the US president to impose sanctions on states allied with the ousted Assad.
It covers anyone who provides military, financial, or technical support to the former regime, whether companies, individuals, or states, including Russia and Iran, and targets anyone assisting with reconstruction projects in Syria.
The law is named after Syrian military defector Farid Nada al-Madhhan, known by the codename “Caesar”, who smuggled out 55,000 photographs of 11,000 detainees in 2014 who had been killed under torture. The FBI confirmed the authenticity of the images, which sparked global public opinion at the time and were displayed in the US Senate.
Syria Without “Caesar,” A Policy Test and a Recovery Journey
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