Turkey has begun training Syrian forces under a security agreement signed between the two countries in August, according to the news website Middle East Eye, citing sources it described as “familiar with the matter.”
Around 300 Syrians, mostly soldiers and some police officers, are currently being trained at two bases in central and eastern Turkey.
Ankara reportedly plans to train about 5,000 Syrian soldiers and police officers in the short term, with the number expected to rise to at least 20,000 in the medium to long term.
At the same time, Turkish security forces began withdrawing from northern Aleppo, where they had been stationed for nearly eight years as part of the “Syrian Task Force,” according to sources cited by Middle East Eye. The force had helped secure areas captured from the Islamic State (ISIS) and Kurdish forces.
The sources said the “Task Force,” composed largely of gendarmerie units under Turkey’s Interior Ministry, started evacuating bases, moving equipment and supplies to the southern provinces of Hatay, Gaziantep, and Kilis. Bases in Syrian border towns such as Azaz and Jarablus were reportedly handed over to security forces affiliated with the new Syrian administration. Personnel and military assets withdrawn from Aleppo were temporarily redeployed inside Turkey.
A Syrian government spokesperson told the site they were not aware of this training. Middle East Eye also sought comment from Turkey’s Defense Ministry.
In August, Turkey’s Defense Ministry said the bilateral agreement would support Damascus through training and military cooperation, including advisory roles and equipment purchases.
Building a new Syrian army
The agreement with Turkey is seen as a first step toward restructuring Syria’s armed forces, transferring expertise, and supplying equipment to help Damascus build a modern army capable of responding to internal and external threats.
In July, Syria formally requested Turkish military assistance after Israeli airstrikes targeted Damascus and Suwayda (southern Syria) following unrest in the province. Ankara and Damascus also discussed a broader defense pact that could involve Turkish deployment at three major Syrian bases. However, the recently signed training and advisory agreement does not yet provide a framework for such deployments.
Concerns remain over a potential accidental clash between Turkey and Israel in Syria, despite mechanisms designed to avoid conflict.
On Monday evening, September 8, Israeli warplanes struck targets in Latakia and Homs, including military ammunition depots and an air defense school. Following the strikes, an Israeli security source told Saudi-owned Al-Arabiya that the raid targeted warehouses storing recently transferred Turkish-made missiles and air defense systems in Homs.
According to the Israeli source, Turkey is attempting to provoke Israel into a military confrontation “that it does not fear, but does not want.” The source added that Israel is negotiating security arrangements with Syrian leaders but would not hesitate to use force if necessary.
The source stressed that Israel is determined to demilitarize southern Syria and will strike any perceived threat to its security, regardless of its origin or location.
On Tuesday, September 9, Syrian Air Force Commander Brigadier General Assem Hawari met with Turkish Chief of Staff General Selçuk Bayraktaroglu and Turkish Air Force Commander General Ziya Cemal Kadioglu in Ankara, at the official invitation of the Turkish Air Force command. The talks covered a number of shared files and issues.
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