2 in New Jersey die from West Nile virus, 7 hospitalized

The West Nile Virus (WNV) has emerged as a significant public health concern in the United States since its introduction in 1999. Recently, New Jersey has reported two fatalities attributed to this viral infection, underscoring the continuing threat posed by arboviruses. The victims, both of whom had pre-existing health conditions, highlight the vulnerability of certain populations to severe outcomes following WNV infection. This tragic incident serves as a reminder that despite advancements in public health surveillance and mosquito control measures, the risk of transmission remains palpable during peak mosquito activity seasons.

West Nile Virus is primarily transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes, particularly those belonging to the Culex species. Infected individuals may experience mild symptoms or remain asymptomatic; however, approximately 1 in 150 cases can lead to neuroinvasive diseases such as encephalitis or meningitis. The recent deaths in New Jersey raise critical questions about disease prevention strategies and resource allocation within state health departments. It emphasizes the necessity for targeted educational campaigns aimed at high-risk groups and proactive community engagement to mitigate mosquito breeding sites.

In Lake County, Illinois, three people tested positive for the virus over the past seven days, the Lake County Health Department and Community Health Center said Thursday. One of the victims experienced symptoms in mid-August and died shortly thereafter.

"Sadly, Illinois is reporting our first death of the year attributed to West Nile virus," said IDPH Director Dr. Sameer Vohra in a statement. "This death —and the six that occurred last year in Illinois— are a stark reminder that West Nile virus poses a serious risk, especially to older people and those with weakened immune systems."

West Nile virus is commonly spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. Thirty-three states have reported 289 cases of West Nile in 2024, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Cases of West Nile occur during mosquito season, which starts in the summer and continues through fall, the CDC said. 

A small number of people may develop symptoms including fever, chills, body aches, and joint pains. Even fewer people will develop severe neurological illnesses.

However, older adults and people with weakened immune systems are at greater risk of developing severe illness.

Specific laboratory tests are needed to confirm West Nile and Eastern Equine Encephalitis, so anyone with symptoms after a mosquito bite should contact a health care provider.

There are no specific treatments for West Nile or Eastern Equine Encephalitis in humans. Doctors can only do their best trying to relieve symptoms.

Many survivors experience long-term neurological issues, according to the CDC, which notes there are no human vaccines or specific treatments available, making prevention crucial.

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Sarah H

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