Why You Should Never Wear Shoes in Your House ...Middle East

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According to one 2023 CBS News/YouGov poll, 63% of Americans regularly remove their shoes when they get home, and 24% ask their guests to do the same. This year, the Indiana Department of Health launched a “Shoes Free Protects You and Me” ad campaign about the benefits of a no-shoes policy at home, targeting tracked-in lead in particular. 

The published research on shoe contamination is not extensive, but some stands out. In one 2008 study, Charles Gerba, professor of virology at the University of Arizona, studied 26 pairs of shoes that had been worn for three months in the outside world and came up with some alarming results. The shoes carried between 3,600 and 8 million colony-forming units of bacteria, both on the inside and outside of the shoes. E. coli, or fecal bacteria, was the most common organism being tracked around.

According to Gerba’s numbers, shoes are significantly more germ-ridden than public toilet seats, which have an average of 3,200 colony forming bacterial units.

Rural areas, where livestock, birds, and other animals are common, are ready sources of Salmonella and other bacteria. One 2009 study conducted in rural Alaska had people put on sterilized boots, then walk along a randomly selected outdoor path, and finally step onto a piece of sterilized linoleum and remove the boots. From just that walk, 70% of the boots were positive for multiple gut bacteria. People then wore the contaminated boots on short walks across a sterile floor. On half of those walks, bacteria were transferred to the flooring.

The type of flooring bacteria love

In one 2023 study published in Design, Architecture, and Ergonomics, investigators from Northeastern University in New York City sampled sidewalk rain puddles, shoe bottoms, and flooring inside one of the school’s buildings on its urban campus. On average, they found 30,000 gut bacteria per 100 milliliters of water in puddles on the neighborhood sidewalks. Every shoe sole they sampled from student and teacher volunteers carried varying levels of the same bacteria, and the interior of the building was also contaminated—especially in carpeted areas.

PFAS, the “forever chemicals” so named for how long they linger in the environment and our bodies, are regularly picked up by shoes and used in manufacturing the soles. Lead dust, which can often be stirred up and released into the air during remodeling of older homes and other buildings, can cling to shoes as well. Pesticides, used both on farms and in home gardens, are similarly free-riders on our shoes.

Where shoe-removal matters most

Wherever contaminants spread in the home, they present the greatest danger to the household members who have the most contact with the floor—typically babies and small children who crawl and play on surfaces. 

More people—especially younger people—may be taking a harder line, enforcing a universal ban on shoes for anyone in the home. While only 7% of people over 65 and 13% of people ages  45 to 64 require guests to remove shoes before entering, according to the CBS/YouGov poll, 44% of people in the 18 to 29 demographic do. 

“I find that many people have already adopted that custom,” says Leri. “It is a more hygienic way of living.”

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