Countries Need to Look Beyond GDP ...Middle East

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But these people-first priorities are not abstract ambitions. They are the conditions for a decent life, and ensuring they are met should be the first priority of any government.

To be sure, GDP has its uses as a measure of many of the goods and services a country exchanges and produces. But today, it is typically used in a way its architects never intended. For instance, a country's GDP rises when a forest is felled and when an oil spill is cleaned up. It rises with financial speculation. But it does not rise when a parent cares for a child or a child for an elderly parent, when the forest is left standing, when a woman can walk home at night without fear, when voters turn out because they trust their institutions, or when a patient sees a doctor in days rather than months.

Eight years ago, we set out to put the wellbeing of our people ahead of the narrow pursuit of economic growth. Together with New Zealand's Jacinda Ardern, we founded the Wellbeing Economy Governments partnership, later joined by Wales and Finland, with Canada actively participating. We shared practical lessons about developing national wellbeing indicators, embedding them in government decision-making and ensuring that economic policy considers social and environmental outcomes alongside financial ones.

In Scotland, a Wellbeing Economy Monitor showed us how the economy was really performing for people, alongside a National Performance Framework of outcomes written into law and aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals. Policies followed: the doubling of early years education, a Baby Box to equalize children’s starts in life, the Scottish Child Payment to reduce child poverty directly, and Community Wealth Building to ensure public spending, land and assets create lasting value locally—an approach Scotland has since made the subject of the first national legislation of its kind anywhere in the world. 

We were, and we still are, far from alone in this endeavor. Bhutan, for example, has been making the argument for more than 50 years. Its Gross National Happiness framework focuses on nine different dimensions of well-being such as living standards, health, education, and ecological diversity. Last year, Malaysia introduced a bold new roadmap that embeds public health, environmental sustainability and economic resilience. The National Planetary Health Action Plan moves away from a narrow focus on economic growth to prioritize the health of people and planet, replacing the short-term idea of return on investment with a “return on values.”

These ideas are finally moving from the margins into mainstream economic policy. A landmark UN report, written by a high-level expert group appointed by the UN Secretary-General after the Pact for the Future, proposes a dashboard of 31 indicators to sit alongside GDP, with recommendations for governments, business, academia, and civil society on how to bring this agenda to life.

The greatest risk now is a process in which governments agree in principle and move slowly in practice. New indicators alone will not be enough. The pursuit of growth at any cost is embedded far beyond the statistics: in how credit agencies rate a country's debt, how finance ministries deem a budget responsible, and in the rarely-questioned assumption that more is always better.

The 2015 Sustainable Development Goals ask every country to sustain economic growth per person. As governments begin to design what will follow them, we have a chance to change the instruction and create a different approach.

After all, the responsibility of every leader is to ensure the wellbeing and safety of his or her people, and to do that, we need to go beyond GDP and think about what truly matters

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