Ahead of the November elections, at least 83 incumbents across the U.S. House and the Senate won’t be returning to their seats.
But the expected turnover at the end of the term will be even higher. The reasons vary: some members announced their retirement after decades of service, others have sought different offices. More than usual have lost primaries.
According to a TIME analysis, as of Aug. 13, at least 70 sitting House representatives—30 Democrats and 40 Republicans—are not returning for another term. In the Senate, 13 incumbents also don’t plan to return next year, including one appointed this March, Sen. Alan Armstrong, to replace the seat vacated by now-Secretary of Homeland Security Markwayne Mullin. These counts do not include the 16 lawmakers who have resigned from or died during the 119th Congress.
Here’s an overview of the lawmakers so far who won’t be returning in the next Congress.
In the lower chamber, 32 sitting representatives—or almost half of those not seeking reelection—are retiring. Among them is Speaker Emerita Nancy Pelosi (D, Calif.).
Others who have announced their retirement are Reps. Mark Amodei (R, Nev.), Jodey Arrington (R, Texas), Don Bacon (R, Neb.), Julia Brownley (D, Calif.), Vern Buchanan (R, Fla.), Steve Cohen (D, Tenn.), Danny Davis (D, Ill.), Lloyd Doggett (D, Texas), Neal Dunn (R, Fla.), Chuck Edwards (R, N.C.), Dwight Evans (D, Pa.), Darrell Issa (R, Calif.), Chuy García (D, Ill.), Jared Golden (D, Maine), Sam Graves (R, Mo.), Steny Hoyer (D, Md.), Barry Loudermilk (R, Ga.), Michael McCaul (R, Texas), Morgan Luttrell (R, Texas), Jerry Nadler (D, N.Y.), Troy Nehls (R, Texas), Dan Newhouse (R, Wash.), Burgess Owens (R, Utah), Jan Schakowsky (D, Illinois), Elise Stefanik (R, N.Y.), Marc Veasey (D, Texas), Nydia Velázquez (D, N.Y.), Bonnie Watson Coleman (D, N.J.), Daniel Webster (R, Fla.), Frederica Wilson (D, Fla.), and Ryan Zinke (R, Mont.).
Resignations
The 119th Congress also saw several resignations.
Mikie Sherrill, who represented New Jersey in the House since 2019, resigned from the chamber in November 2025 after winning the state’s gubernatorial election.
Other resignations were mired in ethics-related scandals: former Reps. Eric Swalwell (D, Calif.) and Tony Gonzales (R, Texas) abruptly left office amid threats of expulsion due to sexual misconduct allegations, while Rep. Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick (D, Fla.) also quit amid questions about her campaign finances.
The lone Senator to have died in office this Congress was Sen. Lindsey Graham of South Carolina, a Republican fixture in the Capitol since 1995 and a Trump critic-turned-ally until his death in July at age 71.
Seeking other office
Six Republican House members have secured the Republican nomination for seats in the upper chamber: Andy Barr in Kentucky, Ashley Hinson in Iowa, Barry Moore in Alabama, Mike Collins in Georgia, Julia Letlow in Louisiana, and Kevin Hern in Oklahoma. Other Senate aspirants fell short: Rep. Buddy Carter lost to Collins in the Georgia primary, while Rep. Wesley Hunt (R, Texas) lost the Texas primary to state attorney general Ken Paxton.
On the Democratic side, several House members have lost Senate bids to progressives. In Minnesota’s Democratic Senate primary, moderate Rep. Angie Craig was defeated by Peggy Flanagan. And in Michigan’s expensive Senate primary, Rep. Haley Stevens narrowly lost to Abdul El-Sayed. In Illinois, Democratic Reps. Raja Krishnamoorthi and Robin Kelly lost the Senate primary to Lt. Gov. Juliana Stratton, who had the backing of Gov. J.B. Pritzker. In Texas, Rep. Jasmine Crockett, who announced her run for Senate after a Republican-led redistricting push placed her residence out of her existing district, ultimately lost in the Democratic primary to state representative James Talarico.
Reelection primary losses
Twelve incumbents lost their party’s nomination while seeking reelection, an unusually high count with several primaries still to go. House incumbents historically win more than 98% of the time when they seek another term. The 10 House losses so far already exceed the average of 6.5 per cycle since World War II. Seven Democratic incumbents have lost their primaries so far, already tying with 2012 for the most Democratic House incumbent defeats this century.
In a campaign centered more on generational change than ideological difference, 47-year-old former Hartford Mayor Luke Bronin beat 78-year-old, 14-term Rep. John Larson to secure the nomination in Connecticut’s 1st Congressional District earlier this week.
Republican primaries, meanwhile, have appeared largely to be tests of loyalty to Trump. In Texas, Trump-endorsed Paxton beat four-term Sen. John Cornyn in the most expensive Senate primary in history. Sen. Bill Cassidy (R, La.), whose vote to convict Trump over the Jan. 6, 2021, Capitol attack became a defining issue in his race, also lost renomination after he failed to advance to the runoff, which was ultimately won by Trump-endorsed Rep. Letlow.
In a rare defeat for a Trump-endorsed incumbent, Rep. Andy Ogles (R, Tenn.) lost the Republican primary to Charlie Hatcher, who benefited from a redrawn, more rural district and heavy outside spending from a clean-energy super political action committee.
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