What Happens When the World is on Fire ...Middle East

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But what happens when those drops have no effect? When, as a pilot working the massive Gironde Fire just west of Bordeaux, France, described it, “The environment above the fire is so hot that my payload of 10,000 liters of water evaporates in the air.”? Mathieu Jomain, a commander and 26-year veteran in Gironde’s fire service, compared the fire’s intensity to “a meteorological nuclear bomb.”

From America to Algeria, dangerous blazes are occurring around the world, giving us a glimpse into an age ablaze. We should all be asking the question: What will this age entail? 

Flames engulf trees as a wildfire burns during overnight in La Adrada, Spain on July 26, 2026. —Diego Radames—Anadolu/Getty Images

Across France and Spain alone, approximately a third of a million people have been displaced, the largest evacuations since World War II, but that is just the one among many examples. This summer, evacuations are ongoing across Europe, from Portugal to Turkey. Earlier this summer in Germany, evacuations were ordered in record-breaking heat after a wildfire triggered explosions in a nature reserve strewn with leftover ordnance from World War II. 

Fire phnonemon  

We are witnessing, live and in person, a terrible convergence of prolonged drought and record-breaking temperatures across the Northern Hemisphere. It is a convergence expressed most emphatically by unfightable fires racing across tinder-dry landscapes, fanned by high winds that are, increasingly, generated by the fires themselves. Just as warm waters fuel hurricanes, hot landscapes alive with roaring fire energize a wildfire’s chimney-like central column by burning all available fuel—grassland, forests, and neighborhoods alike—with explosive speed, and irrepressible ferocity that can produce flames higher than a thirty-story building and radiant heat approaching 1,000°F.

These massive fire weather systems, once an anomaly only seen over volcanoes, did not enter the vocabulary of fire scientists until the late 1990s, when atmospheric CO2 reached 370 parts per million (ppm)—about 30% higher than pre-industrial levels. It was only in the 2000s that wildfires, formerly seasonal events for which there was a well-rehearsed response, became able to generate these self-perpetuating and uncontainable firestorm clouds on a regular basis. Since 2016, they have become a feature of major fires across the North American West, but until the past year or two, they were virtually unknown in Europe. Matchstick-dry pine plantations in Gironde, France generated what is believed to be that country’s first-ever pyroCb just last week. Today, atmospheric CO2 is pushing 430 ppm, more than 50% higher than pre-industrial levels.

With infernos burning so hot that water evaporates before even reaching the flames, firefighting operations are devolving, increasingly, into lifesaving operations. Whether you’re in the suburbs of Athens, Bordeaux, or Spokane, evacuation is often the only viable option. Over the past decade, millions of unsuspecting people have found themselves in the path of these hyper-scaling flames and, from Valparaiso, Chile to Fort McMurray, Alberta, victims are astonished by the speeds at which these fires move—speeds which photos and even video clips can fail to adequately convey.

Bearing the brunt of our new climate reality, of course, is the simmering countryside, desert dry and ready to ignite from the first mechanical spark, hot muffler, or flying ember. In many parts of the world—such as southern Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East—many charred and desiccated landscapes are no longer able to support the agriculture they have nurtured for thousands of years. As a result, for instance, wine production is decreasing globally, not just because of changing tastes but because heat, drought, and increasingly unstable weather are disrupting this ancient crop and craft. 

With this brutal heat comes another 21st-century chimera: the “flash drought,” a combination of searing, triple-digit temperatures and high wind that can turn a green field brown in the space of a workday.  

Both Europe and North America are now beginning to see similar situations without—as yet—the armed conflict. In addition to already stressful and divisive cross-border migration, we are experiencing a second wave of internal migration in the form of mass evacuations due to fire. More than 800 homes have been destroyed and more than 60,000 people displaced thus far by the fires in and around Spokane, Washington. In Utah, thousands more evacuations have been ordered as that state faces record-breaking heat, high winds, and the worst fire season in its history. North of the border, in British Columbia, hundreds more homes were lost this week, and 15,000 people are currently under evacuation, with extreme fire weather conditions predicted to worsen in the coming days. 

The role humans play 

I wish I could say this summer was an anomaly or an outlier, but it clearly isn’t, and there’s more on the way. Our world is changing rapidly, and we are torn between adaptation, and clinging to the status quo. 

Fossil fuels enabled modern civilization and got us where we are today. Had we never moved beyond wood-fueled steam power, there might scarcely be a tree left standing. Had we relied solely on coal, the air in our cities and towns would likely be as toxic as Pittsburgh’s in the 1940’s. Oil and gas has enriched and expanded our lives in such profound and far-reaching ways that renowned energy historian Daniel Yergin coined a new name for our species: Hydrocarbon man. From road paving to running shoes, lingerie to jet fuel, petroleum products are integral to our society—ubiquitous, affordable, and very well represented in Washington. 

When will the oil and gas industry’s eye-watering profits be outweighed by all the losses their emissions incur? 

If there is a glimmer of hope in the smoke, it can be found in the relatively low mortality rates for these recent urban fires, and their largely successful evacuations, which demonstrate real social cohesion and admirable courage and civic spirit. 

As long as we burn fossil fuels without limits, wildfires will do the same in our forests, cities, and towns. But we are not passive bystanders, and these genuine “trials by fire” are Nature’s stern invitation to mature as a society, to confront with intelligence and courage the daunting energies we’ve unleashed with our own. 

Fire is, at its core, an ambitious, energy-burning appetite. But so are we. Our future depends on whether this ambition is used to reinforce a now-maladaptive status quo, or to evolve, adapt, and conserve as so many among us are already doing.

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