Books vs. boardwalks: The College that almost shaped Pacific Beach ...Middle East

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San Diego College of Letters, Pacific Beach, circa 1888 — a bold early vision for the community. (Photo via Wikipedia/Public Domain)

Did you know Pacific Beach was once envisioned as San Diego’s center of learning? In 1888, the San Diego College of Letters opened in a grand building near what is now Garnet Avenue and Lamont Street, drawing students and investors who imagined a scholarly seaside community. The dream was short-lived; financial struggles shuttered the college within just a few years, and the campus went on to serve very different roles before the neighborhood became what it is today.

(Photo courtesy of The San Diego History Center)

The Dream That Didn’t Last

The San Diego College of Letters was established in 1888 at the heart of the newly subdivided Pacific Beach community, intended to attract families and investors to the undeveloped coastline. The cornerstone ceremony was a significant local event, attended by boosters eager to promote the area’s growth. The institution was envisioned as a cultural anchor for the fledgling suburb, helping transform open land into a thriving community.

San Diego College of Letters in Pacific Beach at 1800 Garnet St. (College Bldg.) Pacific Beach. Built in 1887 or 1889 (picture mildly per Hillbrust Co. & Larry Borth). Same location where the Brown Military Academy was later built. (Photo courtesy of The San Diego History Center)

Despite these aspirations, the college struggled financially and closed in 1891 after only a brief run. While short-lived, its presence helped place Pacific Beach on the map during its earliest period of development.

 Aerial view over Brown Military Academy in Pacific Beach in 1938. (Photo courtesy of The San Diego History)

A Campus Reimagined

The site did not remain dormant for long. In 1910, the former college grounds found a new purpose when Capt. Thomas A. Davis established the San Diego Army and Navy Academy on the same four-block site. The school grew steadily over the following decades, expanding its facilities and becoming a fixture in the community.

In 1937, the academy transitioned into Brown Military Academy, continuing to serve students and families in Pacific Beach. For years, cadets trained and studied just blocks from the shoreline, combining academic instruction with military discipline in a uniquely coastal setting.

Brown Military Academy 1958 (Photos courtesy of The San Diego History) 1946 aerial view of Brown Military Academy at the northwest corner of Garnet Avenue and Lamont Street in Pacific Beach. It was founded as the San Diego College of Letters in 1887. In 1910, it became the San Diego Army and Navy Academy, founded by Col. Thomas A. Davis. In 1936, the Academy moved to Carlsbad, and the facility was sold to the John Brown Schools, and the name was changed to the Brown Military Academy. It is now the site of a Pacific Beach shopping center. (Photo courtesy of the Digital Archives/City of San Diego)

By the late 1950s, however, Pacific Beach was changing. Rising land values and increasing demand for commercial development began to reshape the neighborhood. In 1958, Brown Military Academy closed its doors and relocated, and the property was cleared.

Just two years later, in 1960, the site reopened as Pacific Plaza, marking a new chapter in the area’s evolution.

From Campus to Coastline

Today, shoppers and visitors pass through Pacific Plaza with little indication of what once stood there. Yet beneath the storefronts and surrounding streets lies the footprint of an ambitious experiment—one that briefly positioned Pacific Beach as a center of higher learning before the tides of economics and development redirected its future.

1762 Garnet Ave, San Diego, in 2022. (Screenshot via Google Maps)

The college may have lasted only a few years, but its legacy remains part of the layered history that shaped Pacific Beach into the vibrant coastal community it is today.

Read more history stories here.

Sources:

Pacific Beach Historical Society records and timelines.San Diego History Center archives (Pacific Beach development and Brown Military Academy records).City of San Diego Digital Archives (1946 aerial photograph of Brown Military Academy).Journal of San Diego History, articles on early Pacific Beach and the San Diego College of Letters.Historic California newspapers (cornerstone ceremony and early coverage of the college, 1888–1891).

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