How France, Italy and the US are dealing with their migrant crises ...Middle East

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In the UK, the number of people applying for asylum reached 111,000 in the year ending June 2025. The figure is almost double since 2021 and the highest number of asylum claims since comparable records began in 1979.

On Monday, the British Government said it would suspend applications from registered refugees to bring family members into the country in order to give the government time to tighten the rules.

France received 157,850 asylum applications last year.

Latest figures showed deportations increased by 27 per cent last year equating to approximately 22,000.

French Gendarme observe migrants onboard a smuggler’s boat as they sail in an attempt to cross the English Channel off the beach of Hardelot in Neufchatel-Hardelot, northern France (Photo: Sameer Al-DOUMY / AFP)

A “one-in, one-out” scheme means an equal number of migrants will be eligible to come to the UK through a new route if they have not attempted an illegal crossing before – subject to full documentation and security and eligibility checks.

Spain

As with many other countries in Europe, immigration is a contentious issue in Spain, where 166,145 people claimed asylum last year.

Spain has also committed to reducing bureaucracy for residency applications and has introduced a residence permit for illegal immigrants who have a work contract.

In Italy, asylum seekers face restricted access to reception services if they submit their applications more than 90 days after arriving in the country.

The high numbers of migrants arriving in Italy, which saw 158,610 people claim asylum last year, has fuelled far-right politicians’ popularity.

Albanian Prime Minister Edi Rama and Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni attend the 6th European Political Community summit at Skanderbeg Square in Tirana (Photo: Armando Babani/Getty Images)

But last month the European Court of Justice ruled Italy’s process of defining a “safe country” to send asylum seekers to when their applications are rejected breaches EU law.

Before the court issued its ruling, the scheme suffered numerous issues with the handful of migrants sent Albania returned following interventions by lawyers.

Greece

On Wednesday, the Greek parliament passed a law on toughening penalties for rejected asylum seekers and speeding up returns to their home countries.

A dinghy with 15 Afghan refugees approaches the Greek island of Lesbos (Photo: Aris Messinis/AFP via Getty)

It comes after a fresh spike in arrivals at its southern borders this year. In response to a surge in migrants from Libya through the islands of Crete and Gavdos this year, the government introduced a temporary ban on processing asylum applications of people coming from North Africa.

US President Donald Trump claims his predecessor’s administration “invited, administered, and oversaw an unprecedented flood of illegal immigration into the United States”.

Among his flagship anti-migrant policies is the mass detention and deportation of migrants without legal status to remain in the US, including those whose cases had been under review.

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Waves of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) raids have also swept across the country under Trump’s direction, with thousands of people arrested, detained and deported to countries that are not their home nation.

His aggressive stance on immigration has seen some migrants who are not subject to deportation orders opt for “voluntary deportation”, leaving the country at their own expense.

Australia

Australia’s approach to dealing with migrants has been praised by and provided inspiration for anti-immigration leaders such as Nigel Farage and Donald Trump.

In its latest round of measures to tackle migrant arrivals, which critics have labelled “absolutely Trump-like”, Anthony Albanese’s government has struck a $2.5bn (£1.2bn) three-decade deal with the island of Nauru, the world’s third smallest country, to host non-citizens deported from Australia.

At the end of 2024, 91,340 people, mostly from Syria and Afghanistan, were identified as asylum-seekers in Australia, according to the UNHCR.

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