‘Hands Off!’: European Leaders Reject Trump's Call to Quit the ICC ...Middle East

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U.S. President Donald Trump speaks during the 81st session of the United Nations (U.N.) General Assembly in New York on Sept. 22, 2026. —Michael M. Santiago—Getty Images

Irish Taoiseach (Prime Minister) Micheál Martin pledged his support for the intergovernmental organization and said Ireland “strongly opposes efforts to undermine the court,” during his speech at the United Nations General Assembly in New York on Thursday.

Netherlands Prime Minister Rob Jetten issued a similar defense of the ICC earlier in the day. Without directly mentioning Trump or the U.S., Jetten reflected on how the court has come “under attack” and asked how can anyone “possibly be opposed to prosecuting the very worst crimes?"

The ICC is recognized as the world’s highest criminal court. It draws its jurisdiction from the Rome Statute, a treaty that went into effect in 2002 and is ratified by 125 countries. Neither the U.S. nor Israel is a state party to the Rome Statute, and therefore they do not recognize the jurisdiction of the court.

He said the U.S. is “opposed to the out-of-control institution known as the ICC” and “will never allow U.S. service members or anyone else to be investigated or given show trials by an anti-American tribunal with no jurisdiction over us.”

"We will, of course, not be doing that," Wadephul told Germany's Deutschlandfunk radio station on Wednesday. He described the court as "an important institution” and said the issue is "one of the areas where we do indeed have to acknowledge a regrettable difference in policy from the U.S. Administration."

At the U.N. assembly, the only nation to follow Trump’s lead appeared to be Naoero, a microstate island country formerly known as Nauru.

"Naoero joins a ⁠growing number of nations standing up for their sovereignty against the ICC’s illegitimate overreach,” said U.S. Assistant Secretary for East Asian and Pacific Affairs Michael DeSombre, after meeting with Naoero’s Deputy Foreign Minister.

Withdrawal takes at least a year, and states remain bound to cooperate with proceedings opened before their departure, according to Sergey Vasiliev, a professor of international law at Open University Netherlands.

In addition to Naoero, five other states—Niger, Burkina Faso, Mali, Venezuela, and Chad—have moved to withdraw. Vasiliev calls their planned departures a “serious loss,” but says it is not “lethal to the existence of the ICC.”

Netherlands' Prime Minister Rob Jetten speaks during the 81st United Nations General Assembly in New York on Sept. 24, 2026. —Leonardo MUNOZ—Getty Images

A timeline of Trump’s campaign against the ICC

Trump’s complaints with the ICC date back to his first term. In late 2017, when the ICC requested to open an investigation into American actions overseas, looking into alleged war crimes committed by U.S. personnel in Afghanistan, Trump went on to challenge the court’s authority.

“The United States has always objected to the ICC's exercise of jurisdiction over its service members,” says Vasiliev, noting this has been an ongoing point of contention.

In 2020, Trump signed an Executive Order issuing sanctions in response to the ICC’s Afghanistan investigation, calling the court’s actions “illegitimate assertions of jurisdiction.” The sanctions and visa restrictions against personnel of the ICC were later revoked by former President Joe Biden in 2021.

New York City Mayor Zohran Mamdani had previously pledged to execute the ICC’s warrant and have Netanyahu arrested when he traveled to the city for the U.N. assembly. But in July, Mamdani conceded that his Administration had “reviewed every avenue available,” only to find they did not have the jurisdiction.

Efforts were ramped up again in July, when U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio announced a “whole-of-government” effort “to systematically disable the ICC’s ability to operate, target American servicemen or officials, or otherwise threaten American sovereignty.”

A month later, the State Department imposed sanctions on the ICC’s president, Judge Tomoko Akane, and Abdoulaye Seye, a Senegalese senior trial lawyer for the Office of the Prosecutor. The ICC referred to the sanctions as "a flagrant attack against the independence of an impartial judicial institution which operates pursuant to the mandate conferred by its states parties."

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