China's Einstein Probe detected a mysterious cosmic explosion — and scientists have no idea what caused it ...Middle East

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The burst was made up of two X-ray flares, about 200 seconds apart, that likely came from the same object. Their behavior is most consistent with powerful cosmic explosions known as gamma ray bursts — except no gamma rays were detected, scientists reported June 13 in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

On March 5, 2024, the probe captured one such event, called an X-ray transient, from a celestial object scientists named EP240305a. The first flare lasted about two minutes. Roughly 200 seconds later, the probe detected a second flare lasting just over 4 minutes.

To predict what kind of object could emit these bursts, the team compared their data to the expected emissions from several types of X-ray transients. None matched the emission patterns from EP240305a.

The most similar type of event that matches EP240305a’s behavior is a gamma ray burst (GRB), the team found. Gamma ray bursts can occur when massive stars die or collide. But without detecting any gamma rays directly, the team can’t yet say that this was the signal's origin.

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"In the case of EP240305a, the current data do not allow us to firmly establish a GRB origin, and we therefore conservatively classify it as a gamma-ray-dark GRB-like transient or more broadly an extragalactic fast X-ray transient," the researchers wrote in the study.

Collecting data on this and other unusual X-ray transients could help scientists figure out what causes them, the team wrote in the study.

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