Three-person IVF technique spared children from inherited diseases, scientists say ...Middle East

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The technique, which is banned in the United States, transfers pieces from inside the mother's fertilized egg - its nucleus, plus the nucleus of the father's sperm - into a healthy egg provided by an anonymous donor.

Mutations in mitochondrial DNA can affect multiple organs, particularly those that require high energy, such as the brain, liver, heart, muscles and kidneys.

The results “are the culmination of decades of work,“ not just on the scientific/technical challenges but also in ethical inquiry, public and patient engagement, law-making, drafting and execution of regulations, and establishing a system for monitoring and caring for the mothers and infants, reproductive medicine specialist Dr. Andy Greenfield of the University of Oxford, who was not involved in the research, said in a statement.

Often during IVF screening procedures, doctors can identify some low-risk eggs with very few mitochondrial gene mutations that are suitable for implantation.

Next, they transfer the egg and sperm nuclei into a donated fertilized egg that has had its pronuclei removed.

This process, detailed in a second paper in the journal, “essentially replaces the faulty mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) with healthy mtDNA from the donor,“ senior researcher Mary Herbert, professor of reproductive biology at Newcastle, said at a press briefing.

“These data indicate that pronuclear transfer was effective in reducing transmission of mtDNA disease,“ they said.

Seven of the eight pregnancies were uneventful; in one case, a pregnant woman had blood tests showing high lipid levels.

The authors of the current reports have also tried transplanting the nucleus of a mother's unfertilized egg into a donor egg and then fertilizing the donor egg afterward, but they believe their new approach may more reliably prevent transmission of the genetic disorders.

That same year in the United States, pronuclear transfer was effectively banned for human use by a congressional appropriations bill that prohibited the Food and Drug Administration from using funds to consider the use of “heritable genetic modification”- REUTERS

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