With forums such as the G7 and G20 groups of major economies hamstrung by divisions and the disruptive “America First” approach of U.S. President Donald Trump, expansion of the BRICS has opened new space for diplomatic coordination.
“BRICS is the heir to the Non-Aligned Movement,“ Lula told leaders. “With multilateralism under attack, our autonomy is in check once again.”
The original BRICS group gathered leaders from Brazil, Russia, India and China at its first summit in 2009. The bloc later added South Africa and last year included Egypt, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Iran, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates as members. This is the first summit of leaders to include Indonesia.
However, there are questions about the shared goals of an increasingly heterogeneous BRICS group, which has grown to include regional rivals along with major emerging economies.
Still, several heads of state were gathered for discussions at Rio’s Museum of Modern Art on Sunday and Monday, including Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and South African President Cyril Ramaphosa.
GROWING CLOUT, COMPLEXITY
“If international governance does not reflect the new multipolar reality of the 21st century, it is up to BRICS to help bring it up to date,“ Lula said in his remarks, which highlighted the failure of U.S.-led wars in the Middle East.
In a joint statement released on Sunday afternoon, the leaders assembled called attacks against Iran’s “civilian infrastructure and peaceful nuclear facilities” a “violation of international law.”
On trade, the joint statement warned the rise in tariffs threatens global trade, continuing the group’s veiled criticism of Trump’s U.S. tariff policies.
The leaders’ joint statement backed plans to pilot a BRICS Multilateral Guarantees initiative within the group’s New Development Bank to lower financing costs and boost investment in member states, as first reported by Reuters last week.
Brazil, which also hosts the United Nations climate summit in November, has seized on both gatherings to highlight how seriously developing nations are tackling climate change, while Trump has slammed the brakes on U.S. climate initiatives.
China and the UAE signaled in meetings with Brazilian Finance Minister Fernando Haddad in Rio that they plan to invest in a proposed Tropical Forests Forever Facility, according to two sources with knowledge of the discussions about funding conservation of endangered forests around the world.
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