While other Grand Slam tournaments transitioned to fully automated line calls, eliminating the need for line judges, Wimbledon continued to rely on this hybrid system, despite calls from players including Andy Murray to bring in automated line calls.
But those days are over, and Wimbledon line judges have been replaced by fresh technology. Hawk-Eye have created a real-time system to make line calls automatically, without the need for human input.
RadioTimes.com brings you everything you need to know about the impressive Hawk-Eye system at Wimbledon.
How does Hawk-Eye work?
Hawk-Eye is built from a network of 10 cameras around the court that capture 60 high-resolution images per second. At least five cameras cover every bounce of the ball.
Hawk-Eye collects data for every shot taken in the match, not just the close calls.
This is to make sure all 10 cameras are doing their job, as well as providing plenty of talking points for analysts and pundits.
During games, a team of four work from a commentary booth: two Hawk-Eye team members, one big-screen operator and one review official (a certified umpire).
After it was first tested in 2004, the system was implemented on Centre Court and Court 1 in 2007.
Players on courts without Hawk-Eye were solely made to rely on line umpires to make the right calls.
How accurate is Hawk-Eye?
The Hawk-Eye system has a 2.2mm margin of error, with research reports claiming the system can be as much as 10mm off.
As one University of Cardiff paper says, "If the frame-speed is, say, 100 frames per second, and the ball is moving at about 100 mph it will travel about 1.5 feet between frames."
During the 2007 Wimbledon final between Rafael Nadal and Roger Federer, a ball that appeared to be out was called in by 1mm.
View oEmbed on the source websiteThere are other occasional problems with the system. During a 2017 match between Rafael Nadal and Borna Coric, the Hawk-Eye graphic failed to show on screen, with Nadal seeming sceptical about the final call.
View oEmbed on the source websiteStudies have suggested 8.2% of all line calls involving balls within 100mm of a court line will be called incorrectly by line judges.
Caroline Wozniacki's third round defeat to Zhang Shuai in 2019 was shrouded in controversy after three calls went against the Danish player due to Hawk-Eye, though she insisted the system was inaccurate in furious outbursts at the umpire.
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