Authorities have not yet confirmed the cause of the fatal aviation incident, which is being investigated by India’s Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau.
The Hindustan Times said 40-year-old British man Vishwash Kumar Ramesh survived the crash, telling the newspaper: “Thirty seconds after take-off, there was a loud noise and then the plane crashed. It all happened so quickly.”
However, the expert has shared some insight into what the videos circulating online could tell us about what went wrong.
What does the deployed landing gear suggest?
Mr Lavelle said the pilot likely did not have time to retract the gear, which is also used for takeoff, before the crash.
“Normally that landing gear would come up within the first 30 to 60 seconds after leaving the runway, but they may just not have had enough time to actually deal with that.”
Mayday call reports indicate engine failure
“I would at this stage, speculating again, rule out human error because they made an SOS message,” he said.
Without power to push the aircraft up there is no real outcome other than the plane coming down, Mr Lavelle added.
“It must have been pure panic mode in that airplane and that cockpit,” he said.
Flightradar24 said it received the last signal from the aircraft seconds after it took off.
“It appears to be that the aircraft was struggling to gain height after it took off and then seemed to have lost power or thrust in the engines. And it then came down fairly quickly,” Mr Lavelle said.
Mr Lavelle said another reason a plane engine can be compromised is fuel complications.
Professor John McDermid, of the University of York, also said it was too early to know “in any detail” what may have caused the Air India plane to crash.
Video footage from the scene shows a huge fireball erupted on impact.
“There’s no way that aircraft would have taken off without being fuelled because it’s a long journey from Ahmedabad to Gatwick.”
Speed of incident left pilots with ‘no chance’
Mr Lavelle said he does not think the pilots would have “had any chance” to deal with the issue to try and avoid further casualties as “it was just too short a period”.
“Pilots can abort take-off until quite late in the take-off roll, so it seems like the problem occurred very suddenly in the final part of the take-off roll, or shortly after take-off, and was sufficiently serious to be unmanageable,” he said.
Graham Braithwaite, director of aerospace and aviation at Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, said take-off is a “critical stage of flight” as the plane is accelerating and “any problem-solving requires a rapid response”.
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