The thing is, almost every TV you see is technically some kind of LED display. Most use bright white LEDs as a backlight, which shines through an LCD matrix and color filter to produce a coherent image. (The exception is OLED, which lights up each pixel individually and thus doesn't require a backlight.)
Before we get to mini-LEDs, let's break down how most LCD displays work a little further. When manufacturers advertise a display as an "LED TV," this is usually referring to the backlight and, well, LED is kind of a given there. However, there are a couple different types of backlights:
Full array backlighting: Alternatively, some manufacturers will create a grid of LEDs that fill the area of the display. This leads to more even lighting across the picture. More importantly, those LEDs can usually be controlled individually, allowing for local dimming (more on that below).
There's just one tiny problem with this: LCDs can't perfectly block all of the light that the backlight emits. This is why, even when your LCD screen is displaying all black, it still looks "on." Some light is always making its way through. In order to achieve darker blacks, you need another technique.
How does local dimming work?
The only hitch is, there are quite literally millions more pixels in an LCD display than there are individual backlights. Fewer backlights means less resolution to distinguish between bright and dark zones. It also means you can get what's called a "bloom effect" when a bright object seems to glow more than it should. This is caused when the backlight bleeds through in the dark pixels around a bright object.
Put simply, in a mini-LED display, the LEDs are, well, mini. That's it. To be more specific, the term is defined as any display where the backlight LED diodes are no larger than 0.2 mm. They can be smaller than that, but any larger and they can't (or at least shouldn't) be called "mini-LED" anymore.
Why would you want mini-LED over OLED?
It does seem a little weird, right? OLED displays light up every single pixel individually, so you're only using the pixels you need. Why this rigmarole with a local dimming array? In part, it's because OLED displays have a higher susceptibility to burn in.
LED and mini-LED panels can also get a lot brighter than OLED displays. This makes them better suited for TVs that might sit in your living room, near a lot of sunny windows. While OLED TVs exist and they're great, they can struggle to compete with the light in bright rooms, making them better suited to night-time viewing or dimly lit rooms.
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